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【联结家庭】冬日暖阳，亲子相伴——记杭州市文澜幼儿园社区亲子活动_我的网站
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By Anthony C. Didlake Jr.
Of all the hazards that hurricanes bring, storm surge is the greatest threat to life and property along the coast. It can sweep homes off their foundations, flood riverside communities miles inland, and break up dunes and levees that normally protect coastal areas against storms.
As a hurricane reaches the coast, it pushes a huge volume of ocean water ashore. This is what we call storm surge.
This surge appears as a gradual rise in the water level as the storm approaches. Depending on the size and track of the hurricane, storm surge flooding can last for several hours. It then recedes after the storm passes.
Water level heights during a hurricane can reach 20 feet or more above normal sea level. With powerful waves on top of it, a hurricane’s storm surge can cause catastrophic damage.
What determines how high storm surge gets?
Storm surge begins over the open ocean. The strong winds of a hurricane push the ocean waters around and cause water to pile up under the storm. The low air pressure of the storm also plays a small role in lifting the water level. The height and extent of this pile of water depend on the strength and size of the hurricane.
As this pile of water moves toward the coast, other factors can change its height and extent.
If a coastal area has a sea floor that gently slopes away from the coastline, it’s more likely to see a higher storm surge than an area with a steeper drop-off. Gentle slopes along the Louisiana and Texas coasts have contributed to some devastating storm surges. Hurricane Katrina’s surge in 2005 broke levees and flooded New Orleans. Hurricane Ike’s 15- to 17-foot storm surge and waves swept hundreds of homes off Texas’ Bolivar Peninsula in 2008. Both were large, powerful storms that hit in vulnerable locations.
The shape of the coastline can also shape the surge. When storm surge enters a bay or river, the geography of the land can act as a funnel, sending the water even higher.
Other factors that shape storm surge
Ocean tides – caused by the gravity of the moon and sun – can also strengthen or weaken the impact of storm surge. So, it’s important to know the timing of the local tides compared to the hurricane landfall.
At high tide, the water is already at an elevated height. If landfall happens at high tide, the storm surge will cause even higher water levels and bring more water further inland. The Carolinas saw those effects when Hurricane Isaias hit at close to high tide on Aug. 3, 2020. Isaias brought a storm surge of about 4 feet at Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, but the water level was more than 10 feet above normal.
How storm surge and high tide add up to coastal flooding.(The COMET Program/UCAR and National Weather Service)
Sea level rise is another growing concern that influences storm surge.
As water warms, it expands, and that has slowly raised sea level over the past century as global temperatures have risen. Freshwater from melting of ice sheets and glaciers also adds to sea level rise. Together, they elevate the background ocean height. When a hurricane arrives, the higher ocean means storm surge can bring water further inland, to a more dangerous and widespread effect.
。 冬日暖阳
亲子相伴
–记杭州市文澜幼儿园社区亲子活动–
为增进家庭间的亲子互动，发挥幼儿园在社区早教中的辐射作用，杭州市文澜幼儿园于2024年12月25日，邀请0—3岁的社区学龄前幼儿走进幼儿园，参加一场“趣味派对”。
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沐浴着冬日暖阳，伴随着一声声亲切的问候，一群充满好奇与活力的萌娃和爸爸妈妈走进文澜幼儿园。
一来到园区大厅，大家便被喜气洋洋的摊位所吸引。
二 | 在领取装满宝石的小福袋后，开启了这一次年味十足的亲子之旅。
三 | — — 滚滚乐、套圈等趣味无穷的传统游戏，漆扇、簪花等匠心独运的非遗手工，精油皂、抱抱桶等美观别致的新年礼品……各式各样摊位上摆满了物品，宝宝们的眼睛里闪烁着好奇和喜悦，拉着爸爸妈妈的手穿梭于各个摊位间。
四 | 各个摊位的小老板们热情迎客，耐心地介绍自己摊位上的物品。家长们不禁感叹这些物品的精美和幼儿园的用心，与宝宝共同沉浸在购买体验的乐趣中。
五 | 活动结束后，大家都收获满满。 爱和体验是给孩子最好的教育。在本次亲子社区活动中，孩子和家长感受到庙会的热闹氛围，更享受了亲子同乐的美好时光。让我们期待下一次的相聚！ 编辑 | 陈倩雯 初审 | 陈 芳 终审 | 汪 卉。
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